1) Day and night the giant arms of cranes move about. They load and unload cargo.

    Day and night the giant arms of cranes move about, loading and unloading cargo.

2) She spent all her days studying. She didn't even take time off on Sundays.

    She spent all her days studying, not even taking time off on Sundays.

3) I slipped out of the village in the dark. I headed for the city of Xi'an.

    Slipping out of the village in the dark, I headed for the city of Xian.

4) He rolled up his trousers. He stepped into the paddy and began planting seedlings.

    Rolling up his trousers, he stepped into the paddy and began planting seedlings.

5) Many others followed his lead. They signed up to work on the project.

    Following his lead, many others signed up to work on the project.

6) He placed two tables together. He spread all the papers out on them.

    Placing two tables together, he spread all the papers out on them.

7) I pretended to look frightened. I backed towards the door.

    Pretending to look frightened, I backed towards the door.

8) The peasants adopted this method. It raised the average yield by 40 per cent.

    Adopting this method, the peasants raised the average yield by 40 per cent.

9) They made house-to-house survey. They inquired in each family about their special needs or problems.

    They made house-to-house survey, inquiring in each family about their special needs or problems.

10) The next day he did not wish to face his friends. He shut himself up in his room.

     The next day, not wishing to face his friends, he shut himself up in his room.

11) Happily a good rain followed. It turned the maize leaves green again.

     Happily a good rain followed, turning the maize leaves green again.

12) The woman sighed. She went in and brought a big bowlof thin rice porridge.

     Sighing, the woman went in and brought a big bowl of thin rice porridge.

13) My husband died in 1942. He left me with five children.

     My husband died in 1942, leaving me with five children.

14) They ignored the signals and opened fire. They killed one of our pa trolmen.

     They ignored the signals and opened fire, killing one of our patrolmen.

15) We had found the cause. We were able to proposea remedy.

     Having found the cause, we were able to propose a remedy.

16) Catherine had never done such work before. She thought it was ter ribly hard.

     Having never done such work before, Catherine thought it was terribly hard.

17) The climbers had been told that bad weather was on the way. They decided to put off their attempt on Eiger until the following day.

     Having been told that bad weather was on the way, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on Eiger until the following day.

18) All the different nationalities live together. They are very careful to respect each other's customs.

     All the different rationalities, living together, are very careful to respect each other's customs.